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Compare San Marino (2001) - Norfolk Island (2005)
Compare San Marino (2001) z Norfolk Island (2005)
| San Marino (2001) | Norfolk Island (2005) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Monte Giardino, San Marino, Serravalle | none (territory of Australia) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
15.88% (male 2,241; female 2,100) 15-64 years: 67.94% (male 9,048; female 9,525) 65 years and over: 16.18% (male 1,902; female 2,520) (2001 est.) |
0-14 years: 20.2%
15-64 years: 63.9% 65 years and over: 15.9% (2005 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides | Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry |
| Airports | none | 1 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | - | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
| Area | total:
61.2 sq km land: 61.2 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 34.6 sq km
land: 34.6 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC | about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | The third smallest state in Europe (after The Holy See and Monaco) also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition, it was founded by a Christian stonemason named Marinus in 301 A.D. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of Italy. Social and political trends in the republic also track closely with those of its larger neighbor. | Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions. |
| Birth rate | 10.76 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA |
| Budget | revenues:
$400 million expenditures: $400 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.) |
revenues: $20 million
expenditures: $20 million, including capital expenditures of $2 million (FY99/00) |
| Capital | San Marino | Kingston |
| Climate | Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers | subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature variation |
| Coastline | 0 km (landlocked) | 32 km |
| Constitution | 8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution | Norfolk Island Act of 1979 |
| Country name | conventional long form:
Republic of San Marino conventional short form: San Marino local long form: Repubblica di San Marino local short form: San Marino |
conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island
conventional short form: Norfolk Island |
| Currency | Italian lira (ITL); euro (EUR) | - |
| Death rate | 7.68 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA |
| Debt - external | $NA | NA |
| Dependency status | - | territory of Australia; Canberra administers Commonwealth responsibilities on Norfolk Island through the Department of Environment, Sport, and Territories |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | the US does not have an embassy in San Marino; the US Consul General in Florence (Italy) is accredited to San Marino | none (territory of Australia) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | San Marino does not have an embassy in the US
honorary consulate(s) general: Washington, DC, and New York honorary consulate(s): Detroit |
none (territory of Australia) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA | NA |
| Economy - overview | The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 1999 more than 3 million tourists visited San Marino. The key industries are banking, wearing apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of the most prosperous regions of Italy, which supplies much of its food. | Tourism, the primary economic activity, has steadily increased over the years and has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The agricultural sector has become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs. |
| Electricity - consumption | NA kWh | NA kWh |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh
note: electric power supplied by Italy (1999) |
- |
| Electricity - imports | NA kWh
note: electricity supplied by Italy |
- |
| Electricity - production | NA kWh | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
- |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Torrente Ausa 55 m highest point: Monte Titano 755 m |
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Bates 319 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | NA |
| Environment - international agreements | party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Nuclear Test Ban signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution |
- |
| Ethnic groups | Sammarinese, Italian | descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesians |
| Exchange rates | euros per US dollar - 1.06594 (January 2001), 1.08540 (2000), 0.93863 (1999); Italian lire per US dollar - 1,736.2 (1998), 1,703.1 (1997), 1,542.9 (1996) | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001), 1.7248 (2000) |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
cochiefs of state Captain Regent Luigi LONFERNINI and Captain Regent Fabio BERARDI (for the period 1 April 2001-30 September 2001) head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Gabriele GATTI (since NA July 1986) cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term elections: cochiefs of state (captain regents) elected by the Great and General Council for a six-month term; election last held NA March 2001 (next to be held NA September 2001); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term; election last held NA June 1998 (next to be held NA June 2003) election results: Luigi LONFERNINI and Fabio BERARDI elected captain regents; percent of legislative vote - NA; Gabriele GATTI reelected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of legislative vote - NA note: the popularly elected parliament (Grand and General Council) selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (cochiefs of state) for a six-month period; they preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State) which has ten other members, all selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are three secretaries of state - Foreign Affairs, Internal Affairs, and Finance - and several additional secretaries; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has assumed many of the prerogatives of a prime minister |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and Australia are represented by Administrator Grant TAMBLING (since 1 November 2003)
head of government: Assembly President and Chief Minister Geoffrey Robert GARDNER (since 5 December 2001) cabinet: Executive Council is made up of four of the nine members of the Legislative Assembly; the council devises government policy and acts as an advisor to the administrator elections: the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia; chief minister elected by the Legislative Assembly for a term of not more than three years; election last held 20 Ocotber 2004 (next to be held by December 2007) election results: Geoffrey Robert GARDNER elected chief minister; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - 17.2% |
| Exports | trade data are included with the statistics for Italy | $1.5 million f.o.b. (FY99/00) |
| Exports - commodities | building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, ceramics | postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine and Kentia palm, small quantities of avocados |
| Exports - partners | - | Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | 1 July - 30 June |
| Flag description | two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty) | three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $860 million (2000 est.) | - |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
NA% industry: NA% services: NA% |
agriculture: NA
industry: NA services: NA |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $32,000 (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - NA |
| GDP - real growth rate | 8% (2000 est.) | NA |
| Geographic coordinates | 43 46 N, 12 25 E | 29 02 S, 167 57 E |
| Geography - note | landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines | most of the 32-km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated |
| Highways | total:
220 km paved: 220 km unpaved: 0 km (2001) |
total: 80 km
paved: 53 km unpaved: 27 km (2001) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
| Imports | trade data are included with the statistics for Italy | $17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92) |
| Imports - commodities | wide variety of consumer manufactures, food | NA |
| Imports - partners | - | Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe |
| Independence | 3 September 301 | none (territory of Australia) |
| Industrial production growth rate | 6% (1997 est.) | NA |
| Industries | tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine | tourism, light industry, ready mixed concrete |
| Infant mortality rate | 6.21 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) | total: NA
male: NA female: NA |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 2.2% (2000) | NA |
| International organization participation | CE, ECE, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WToO | UPU |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 2 (2000) | - |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA |
| Judicial branch | Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII | Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions |
| Labor force | 18,500 (1999) | 1,345 |
| Labor force - by occupation | services 60%, industry 38%, agriculture 2% (1998 est.) | tourism 90%, subsistence agriculture 10% |
| Land boundaries | total:
39 km border countries: Italy 39 km |
0 km |
| Land use | arable land:
17% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 83% (1993 est.) |
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001) |
| Languages | Italian | English (official), Norfolk a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian |
| Legal system | based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction | based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either Australian or Norfolk Island law |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 31 May 1998 (next likely to be held by NA June 2001) election results: percent of vote by party - PDCS 40.8%, PSS 23.3%, PPDS 18.6%, APDS 9.8%, RC 3.3%, SR 4.2%; seats by party - PDCS 25, PSS 14, PPDS 11, APDS 6, RC 2, SR 2 |
unicameral Legislative Assembly (9 seats; members elected by electors who have nine equal votes each but only four votes can be given to any one candidate; members serve three-year terms)
elections: last held 20 October 2004 (next to be held by December 2007) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9 (note - no political parties) |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
81.23 years male: 77.68 years female: 85.1 years (2001 est.) |
total population: NA
male: NA female: NA |
| Literacy | definition:
age 10 and over can read and write total population: 96% male: 97% female: 95% (1976 est.) |
NA |
| Location | Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy | Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia |
| Map references | Europe | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | none (landlocked) | territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm |
| Military - note | - | defense is the responsibility of Australia |
| Military branches | Voluntary Military Force, Police Force | - |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $700,000 (FY00) | - |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | NA% | - |
| National holiday | Founding of the Republic, 3 September (301) | Bounty Day (commemorates the arrival of Pitcairn Islanders), 8 June (1856) |
| Nationality | noun:
Sammarinese (singular and plural) adjective: Sammarinese |
noun: Norfolk Islander(s)
adjective: Norfolk Islander(s) |
| Natural hazards | NA | typhoons (especially May to July) |
| Natural resources | building stone | fish |
| Net migration rate | 11.45 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA |
| Political parties and leaders | Communist Refoundation or RC [Ivan FOSHI]; Ideas in Movement or IM [Alessandro ROSSI]; San Marino Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Pier Marino MENICUCCI]; San Marino Popular Alliance of Democrats or APDS [Mario VENTURINI]; San Marino Progressive Democratic Party or PPDS [Claudio FELICI]; San Marino Socialist Party or PSS [Augusto CASALI]; Socialists for Reform or SR [Renzo GIARDI] | none |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | none |
| Population | 27,336 (July 2001 est.) | 1,828 (July 2005 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA |
| Population growth rate | 1.45% (2001 est.) | -0.01% (2005 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | none | none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2005) |
| Radios | 16,000 (1997) | - |
| Railways | 0 km; note - there is a 1.5 km cable railway connecting the city of San Marino to Borgo Maggiore | - |
| Religions | Roman Catholic | Anglican 34.9%, Roman Catholic 11.7%, Uniting Church in Australia 11.2%, Seventh-Day Adventist 2.8%, Australian Christian 2.4%, Jehovah's Witness 0.9%, other 2.7%, unspecified 15.3%, none 18.1% (2001 census) |
| Sex ratio | at birth:
1.09 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
NA |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
adequate connections domestic: automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system international: connected to Italian international network |
general assessment: adequate
domestic: free local calls international: country code - 672; undersea coaxial cable links with Australia, New Zealand, and Canada; satellite earth station |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 18,000 (1998) | 2,532; note - a mix of analog (2500) and digital (32) circuits (2004) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 3,010 (1998) | 0 (proposed cellular service disallowed in August 2002 island referendum) (2002) |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 (San Marino residents also receive broadcasts from Italy) (1997) | 1 (local programming station plus two repeaters that bring in Australian programs by satellite) (2005) |
| Terrain | rugged mountains | volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains |
| Total fertility rate | 1.3 children born/woman (2001 est.) | NA |
| Unemployment rate | 3% (1999) | 0% |
| Waterways | none | - |
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